Alexandria

Stepping ashore in Alexandria, you notice the city's mix of ancient architecture and Mediterranean atmosphere. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, it still carries its history. The waterfront has Roman ruins and the Citadel of Qaitbay, built on the site of the legendary Pharos Lighthouse, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The Corniche, a busy seaside promenade, is a good vantage point for harbour views. The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the modern successor to the ancient library, is worth a visit for its architecture alone. The cruise terminal is a short distance from the centre, and taxis or shuttles make it easy to get around. Most visitors use Alexandria as a base for day trips to the Giza Pyramids, about three hours by road. The city's own Greek and Roman ruins are less crowded and often overlooked.